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Native Shrubs A to R Acer circinatum Vine
Maple ~ Small tree or shrub growing from single to multiple basal stems with shades of brilliant red or yellow in fall. ~Superb tree for the landscape and as a specimen ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, moist soil, Shade Forest ~Hardy to Zone 6 ~Height: Up to 7M (23 ft), Spread: Up to 7M (23 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2,#5
Acer glabrum Douglas Maple ~ Hardy medium sized tree with a classic maple leaf, turning yellow and orange in fall. ~Landscape tree, that grows well in rocky and poor soils ~Full sun, Well-drained, moist soil, Grassland ~Hardy to Zone 4B ~Height: Up to 10M (33 ft), Spread: Up to 6M (20 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2,#5
Amelanchier alnifolia Serviceberry ~ Bluish ovate foliage and clusters of white flowers in spring followed by edible purple berries, excellent for brilliant yellow fall colour. ~Attracts wildlife; also served as a major food source for indigenous peoples. ~Landscape and habitat restoration ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, rocky, slightly alkaline soil, Grassland ~Hardy to Zone 3A ~Height: 4-5m (13-16 ft), Spread: 2-3m (6-10 ft) ~77PL, #2
Andromeda polifolia Bog
Rosemary ~
Arctostaphylos columbiana Hairy Manzanita ~ Bushy evergreen with grayish-green, hairy, egg-shaped leaves and clusters of pinkish, urn shaped flowers. Reddish bark flakes on older branches. ~Rocky outcrops and slopes ~ Full sun, Dry, slightly acidic soil, Grassland ~Hardy to -40C (-40F) Zone 2B ~ Height: 3M (10ft), Spread: 2M (7 ft) ~#1
Ceanothus sanguineus Redstem Ceanothus ~ Glossy green, veined oval leaves, shiny on top and velvety below. Flowers are white, fluffy, and scented. The stalks take on a red colouring ~Roadsides, edges of forests. ~Full sun to partial shade, Dry soil, Roadside ~Hardy to -20 C Zone 6B ~ Height: 3 M, Spread: 1.5 M ~77PL, #2
Ceanothus velutinus Snowbrush ~ Scented shrub, with shiny, broadly oval leaves and clusters of white flowers, forming a thicket, often appearing after fire. ~Roadsides, woodland openings. ~Full sun to partial shade, Dry to moist soil, Roadside ~Hardy to -20 C Zone 6B ~ Height: 3 M, Spread: 1.5 M ~77PL, #2
Cladothamnus pyrolifloris Copperbush ~ Alternate, deciduous, pale green hairless leaves covered in a waxy powder ~ Salmon coloured and curved flowers ~Partial shade, Moist soil , Shady forests and Bog edges ~Hardy to -40 to -34 C (-40 to -30 F) ~ Height: 2 M (8 ft), Spread: 1 M (4 ft)
Clematis occidentalis Blue Clematis ~Blue flowers on a climbing vine ~Excellent for living wall screens ~Hardy to Zone 4a ~Sun to partial shade, Moist to dry rocky soil, Forest edge and roadside ~Height: depends on if it finds something to climb, Spread: indefinite ~#1
Cornus sericea Red-Osier Dogwood ~Large shrub with showy red stems in winter and white flowers in spring and summer, followed by white berries. ~Excellent for landscaping and enhancing wildlife habitat along streams and in moist ~Full sun to partial shade, High in humus, moist soil, Riparian ~Hardy to Zone 3A ~Height: Up to 3m (10 ft), Spread: 1-3m (4-10 ft) ~77PL, #1, #2, #5, Whips
Corylus cornuta Beaked Hazelnut ~ Ranges from a shrub to a small tree, with graceful yellow catkins in spring, followed by small nuts ~Habitat naturalization, attracts wildlife, especially attractive to squirrels and birds ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, moist soil ~Hardy to Zone 5B ~Height: 1-4M(3-13 ft), Spread: Up to 4M (13 ft) ~#1,#5
Crataegus douglasii Black
Hawthorn ~ Small tree with stout thorns , dense branching and clusters of white flowers, followed by maroon-black berries in August. ~Habitat restoration and lowland flood plain areas ~Full sun, High in humus, moist soil, Riparian ~Hardy to Zone 4A ~Height: Up to 10M (33 ft), Spread: Up to 6M (20 ft) ~77PL, #1,#5
Dryas drummondi Yellow Mountain Avens ~Small, low-growing shrub with dark, glossy, leathery basal leaves ~Flowers are yello ~Sun to partial shade, Rocky soils ~Hardy to Zone 1 ~Height: 5cm Spread: 10cm ~3.5”
Eleagnus commutata Silverberry ~ Upright shrub that spreads freely, the branches are reddish-brown, twigs and leaves are silvery. Silver flowers with yellow centers; followed by unique silver bead-like berries ~On dry, open or semi-open slopes, or riverbanks ~Full sun, Well-drained, sandy, rocky soil, Grassland ~Hardy to Zone 3A ~Height: Up to 5m (16 ft), Spread: Up to 3m (10 ft) ~77PL, #2
Holodiscus discolor Oceanspray ~ Fast growing shrub with dense clusters of small white flowers. The hard wood was used by indigenous peoples to make tools and fishing spears. ~Shrub borders and reclamation areas, excellent fall color ~Full sun, Well-drained, rocky, slightly alkaline soil, Grassland ~Hardy to Zone 4A ~Height: Up to 4m (13 ft), Spread: 3-4m (10-13 ft) ~77PL, #1, #2
Juniperus communis Common Juniper ~A lower shrub, forming mats. ~Leaves are very narrow, like needles, cones are bluish and berry-like ~Full sun, Dry soil, Alpine, Bog and Woodland ~Hardy to -40C (-40F) Zone 2B ~Height: 1m , Spread: 3m ~#2
Juniperus occidentalis Yellow Juniper ~Short, thick, multi-branched shrub with small green, scale-like leaves, arranged in whorls of 3 and small yellow cones at the end of branches ~Erosion control in rocky plantings ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained soil, Roadside ~Hardy to -40 C (-40 F) Zone 2B ~Height: 6-18 M (20-60 ft), Spread: 1 M (1-3 ft)
Juniperus
scopulorum Rocky Mountain Juniper ~A treelike Juniper, with more scale-like leaves ~Full sun, Dry, Rocky Soil, Roadside and Alpine Habitats ~Hardy to -40C (-40F) Zone 2B ~#2
Kalmia microphylla Western Bog Laurel ~ A small, evergreen shrub found around lake shores with pink or purple showy flowers in terminal clusters. ~In plantings near ponds or in bogs ~Full sun to partial shade, Acidic, organically rich, moist soil ~Hardy to Zone 4B ~Height: 50cm (20 in), Spread: 50cm (20 in) ~#1
Ledum groenlandicum Labrador Tea ~ The evergreen, leathery foliage is highly aromatic when crushed, and can be used as a tea. Flowers are white, in tight clusters. ~In peaty bog areas ~Full sun to partial shade, Acidic, organically rich, moist soil ~Hardy to Zone 4B ~Height: Up to 1.5m (3-5 ft), Spread: 0.5m (20 in) ~#1
Lonicera ciliosa Orange Honeysuckle ~ Rambling vine with showy clusters of scented orange flowers attractive to butterflies and hummingbirds. ~Climbs, with support, on trellis and walls ~Partial shade to full shade, High in humus, moist soil, Woodland ~Hardy to Zone 6A ~Height: Up to 6m (20 ft), Spread: Up to 1.8m (6 ft) ~#1, #2
Lonicera involucrata Black Twinberry ~ Scented yellow flowers in pairs produced in spring attract butterflies and bumblebees. Black berries provide food for wildlife. ~:For naturalization and habitat enhancement. Excellent for streamside plantings ~Full sun to partial shade, High in humus, moist soil, Riparian ~Hardy to Zone 2A ~ Height: Up to 5m (16 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Mahonia aquifolium Tall Oregon Grape ~Robust broadleaf evergreen with attractive shiny, holly-like foliage and showy clusters of yellow flowers, followed by edible, blue berries ~Great for hedges and an excellent landscape plant ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained soil, Woodland ~Hardy to Zone 3A ~Height: Up to 2m (6 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~#1,#2,#5
Mahonia nervosa Cascade Oregon Grape ~ Evergreen, with leathery oblong grey-green leaflets with spiny teeth, brilliant yellow spikes in spring produces blue-black berries ~Attracts wildlife, low maintenance, easy to grow. ~Superb in woodland gardens, under trees or for naturalizing ~Full sun to partial shade, Acidic, organically rich, moist, well-drained soil, Shade forest ~Hardy to -20°C (-5°F) Zone 3B ~Height: 30-60cm (1-2 ft), Spread: 30-60cm (1-2 ft) ~#1
Mahonia repens Creeping Oregon Grape ~ Semi-evergreen with glossy, green, leathery leaves with spiny teeth that change color through the year and deep yellow flowers in April. Slow grower. ~ In rock gardens, along borders and walkways, in woodland gardens ~Full sun to partial shade, Acidic, well-drained, sandy soil, Grassland ~Hardy to -28°C (-20°F) Zone 5 ~Height: 30-60cm (1-2 ft), Spread: 10-30cm (4-12 in) ~#1
Menziesia ferruginea False Azalea ~ Deciduous shrub whose foliage turns various colors in fall, with reddish-yellow, small urn-shaped flowers ~In woodland settings, or shade gardens ~Partial shade, Acidic, organically rich, moist soil ~Hardy to Zone 3A ~Height: 2-3m (6-10 ft), Spread: Up to 2m (6 ft) ~#1
Myrica gale Sweet Gale ~ Bushy, deciduous shrub with attractive bluish-green foliage and waxy glands that release a fragrant scent when brushed against. ~Grows well near ponds and streams, excellent for hedging and in bog areas ~Full sun to partial shade, High in humus, moist soil, Riparian ~Hardy to Zone 4A ~Height: 2-3m (6-10 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Oplopanax horridus Devil’s Club ~ Large maple-like leaves with spiny stems and small white flowers that are followed by attractive spikes of shiny red berries. Related to ginseng. ~Specimen plant near ponds and waterways, also naturalizes well ~Partial shade, Well-drained, moist soil ~Hardy to Zone 3A ~Height: Up to 3m (10 ft), Spread: 2-3m (6-10 ft) ~#1,#5
Osmaronia cerasiformis Indian Plum ~ One of the first plants to produce leaves and white flowers appearing in early spring followed by small purple plum-like edible fruit. Pollution tolerant, attracts birds. ~Makes a nice hedge and screen; suitable for roadside planting and habitat enhancement ~Full sun to partial shade Well-drained, moist soil, Woodland ~Hardy to Zone 6A ~Height: Up to 4m (13 ft) Spread: 1.8-3m (6-10 ft) ~#77, #1,#2
Philadelphus lewisii Mock Orange ~ Erect, but gently spreading shrub with clusters of attractively scented white flowers; provides summer nesting habitat. Hardwood was used by Aboriginal people for making tools. ~:Specimen shrub and in natural landscapes ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, rocky soil, Woodland ~Hardy to Zone 6A ~Height: Up to 5m (16 ft), Spread: 2-3m (6-10 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Physocarpus capitatus Pacific Ninebark ~ Large, fast growing shrub with dense clusters of white flowers; the hardwood was used for making digging tools and arrow heads. ~Does well in moist areas, waterside plantings and in plantings for wildlife habitat enhancement ~:Full sun to partial shade, High in humus, moist soil, Riparian ~Hardy to Zone 6B ~Height: Up to 6m (20 ft), Spread: 3-4m (10-13 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Rhododendron macrophyllum Pacific Rhododendron ~ Evergreen shrub, produces a stunning show of spring colour in full size clusters of showy red flowers. The state flower of Washington. ~Woodlands, wild gardens and shaded shrub borders ~Full sun to partial shade, Acidic, organically rich, moist soil ~Hardy to -20.5° C (-5° F) Zone 6B ~Height: 1-3m (3-10 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~#1,#2
Rhus glabra Smooth Sumac ~ Good for sunny, dry areas and for interior locations. Interesting architectural form, provides a unique structure to the garden with brilliant red and orange autumn foliage. ~Mixed plantings, shrub borders or as a specimen shrub or small tree ~Full sun, Well-drained soil, Woodland ~Hardy to Zone 6A ~Height: Up to 6m (20 ft), Spread: 3-4m (10-13 ft) ~#5
Ribes alpinum Alpine Currant ~ Twiggy, dense alpine shrub with bright green, ovate, alternate leaves and greenish-yellow flowers, blooming in April ~As a hedge plant or in groupings ~Full sun to partial shade,Moist, well-drained soil, woodland ~Hardy to -40 C (-40 F) Zone 2B ~Height: 1.5 M (3-6 ft), Spread: 1.5 M (6 ft) ~#2
Ribes divaricatum Wild Gooseberry ~ Five-lobed, dark glossy green foliage with cinnamon colored bark and green-purple pendant racemes followed by black purple berries. ~Moist woodland gardens to subalpine ridges ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, fertile soil, Woodland ~Hardy to -20°C (-5°F) Zone 6B ~Height: Up to 2m (6 ft), Spread: 1m (3 ft) ~#2
Ribes lacustre Black Gooseberry ~ Erect to spreading shrub with alternate glossy green ,maple-like leaves, covered in prickles. Growing dark purple berries in drooping clusters. ~Wooded areas or streambanks ~Full sun to partial shade, Moist soil, Woodland ~Hardy to Zone 6B ~Height: Up to 2 M., Spread: Up to 3 M ~#2
Ribes sanguineum Red Flowering Currant ~ Outstanding clusters of red flowers in spring bloom early in spring before leaves develop; attracts butterflies and hummingbirds. ~Shrub borders, open woodland settings ~Full sun, Well-drained, rocky soil, Woodland ~Hardy to Zone 6B ~Height: 1-3m (3-10 ft), Spread: 1-3m (3-10 ft) ~72PL, #1,#2
Rosa acicularis Prickly Rose ~ Bristly stems growing erect with solitary fragrant flowers, 4-5cm across, and forming thickets. ~Excellent for use in interior habitat restoration ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, loam , Grassland ~Hardy to Zone 4B ~Height: 0.6-2m (2-4 ft), Spread: 0.5m (20 in) ~77PL, #1,#2
Rosa gymnocarpa Baldhip Rose ~ Small sized native rose that is commonly found in open coniferous forests. Has slender, bristly stems and multiple, deep-rose flowers. ~Shady woodland settings and shaded gardens ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, loam, Woodland ~Hardy to Zone 6A ~Height: 2-3m (6-10 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Rosa nutkana Common Wild Rose ~ Thicket forming native rose with pink or white flowers, followed by prominent rose hips, excellent for wildlife habitat enhancement. ~Use as a landscape rose and in habitat and highway plantings ~Full sun, Well-drained, loam , Roadside ~Hardy to Zone 4B ~Height: 2-4m (6-13 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Rosa pisocarpa Clustered Wild Rose ~ Beautiful shrub with attractive small grayish-blue leaves and clusters of scented flowers, followed by brilliant hips borne in clumps. ~Wetland gardens or watershed restoration ~Full sun, High in humus, moist soil, Riparian ~Hardy to Zone 6A ~Height: 2-3m (6-10 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Rosa woodsii Prairie Rose ~ Very hardy, smaller rose with attractively scented pink or white flowers. The hips of the rose were often eaten by indigenous people or used to make teas. ~Stunning landscape shrub for interior, prairie locations ~Full sun, Well-drained soil, Grassland ~Hardy to Zone 4A ~ Height: Up to 2m (6 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Rubus parviflorus Thimbleberry ~ Named for the distinctive thimble shaped berries. Has large maple-like leaves and can develop into a dense understory blanket The young shoots and berries were frequently eaten by indigenous people. ~Useful for habitat restoration, attracts wildlife ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, moist soil, Riparian ~Hardy to Zone 3A ~Height: 1-3m (3-10 ft), Spread: 2-3m (6-10 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Rubus spectabilis Salmonberry ~ Erect, thicket forming shrub with pink or red flowers in spring. Provides superb wildlife habitat and is attractive to hummingbirds. ~Important shrub for habitat restoration, especially near streams ~Full sun to partial shade, Well-drained, moist soil, Riparian ~Hardy to Zone 3B ~ Height: Up to 4m (13 ft), Spread: 1-2m (3-6 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
Rubus ursinus Trailing Blackberry ~ Low growing, trailing or climbing native evergreen shrub with densely prickled stems and deciduous, green leaves, alternate and deeply lobed. Produces a fragrant, white flower. ~Woodland plantings- attracting birds and wildlife ~Full sun to partial shade, Infertile soil, with good moisture ~Hardy to -40 to -34C (-40 to -30 F) Zone 2B ~ Height: 0.5 - 1 M (1.5 - 3 ft), Spread: 1-3 M (3 ft - 9 ft) ~77PL, #1,#2
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